Technical Notes:
1.Ligand for ruthenium- catalyzed selective reduction of nitriles to primary amines .
2. Ligand for nickelcatalyzed 2+2+2 cycloaddition of arynes and an unactivated alkene .
3.Ligand for copper-catalyzed 3+2 cycloaddition of azides and alkynes under mild conditions.
4.L igand for copper-catalyzed direct aryl quaternization of N-substituted imidazoles to form imidazolium salts .
5.L igand for copper-catalyzed silylation of allenes.